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Blaming a "lack of trust" between Washington - http://www.travelpod.com/s/Washington and developing countries for the failure of talks last month at the World Trade Organization, EU Trade Commissioner Pascal Lamy said involving the WHO could restore good faith.

"When there's too much mistrust in the game then you have to call on a third party, and the WHO is a trusted party," he told reporters.

The impasse over access to medicines - which was supposed to be settled last year - could seriously jeopardize the new round of global trade liberalization talks launched in November 2001.

Despite a series of tight deadlines early this year, developing countries are unlikely to agree on any other issues until the drug problem has been settled.

A draft agreement worked out last month at the WTO in Geneva would have allowed some developing countries to ignore patents and import cheap copies of drugs to treat a variety of diseases, including HIV/AIDS and malaria.

But the United States wanted to limit its scope only to epidemics of infectious diseases so that developing countries could not use it to gain cheap drugs for other conditions like asthma, diabetes or migraine headaches.

Developing countries refused, arguing any list would be too restrictive and inflexible.

The EU's new proposal would start with a broad list of infectious diseases, but allow WTO members facing "any other public serious public health problems" to ask the WHO, a U.N. agency, for guidance on whether their situation was covered as well.

"We are convinced that we will be able to break the deadlock and rapidly achieve a final agreement," Lamy said.

A U.S. trade official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Washington is open to considering new ideas, but would wait to see how developing countries react to the EU proposal.

Brazil and India, two developing countries that are also major exporter of generic drugs, and Kenya, which speaks for 의왕출장마사지 - https://www.uiwangopanma.club/ the African Group, also had no immediate reaction.

After the talks broke down Dec. 20, Washington pledged to continue to work for a WTO solution while also announcing its own initiative: a pledge not to challenge any country that breaks WTO rules to export drugs to a country in need until a resolution is found.

The interim U.S. solution would cover infectious diseases including - http://www.channel4.com/news/including HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, ebola, African trypanosomiasis, cholera, dengue, typhoid and typhus fevers.

"We urge others to join us in this moratorium to help poor countries get access to emergency lifesaving drugs," U.S. Trade Representative Robert Zoellick said last month.

But Lamy said the 15-nation EU would not sign on because the U.S. solution was temporary and unilateral.

"It doesn't guarantee the necessary stability and legal certainty," he said. "We want to have a multilateral contract.

By Paul Geitner

While the prevalence of the disorder is not thought to vary greatly by region, a study being released Monday found that treatment rates ranged from 1.6 percent of children's prescriptions examined in Washington, D.C., to 6.5 percent of children's prescriptions in Louisiana. Significantly higher rates were found in the South and Midwest than in the West.

Overall, about 4 percent of prescriptions examined for children ages 5 to 14 in 1999 were for stimulants including Ritalin.

The study, appearing in February's issue of Pediatrics, was done by researchers at Express Scripts Inc., a Missouri-based pharmacy benefits management company. The researchers reviewed a nationally representative sample of company prescription claims for 178,800 children throughout 1999. The claims were for all types of medication.

Lead researcher Emily Cox and colleagues said that while they did not determine if higher prescription rates represented overuse or if lower rates - http://www.blogrollcenter.com/index.php?a=search&q=lower%20rates represented underuse, "both may be occurring."

The variations should be examined "to reduce the risk to children from unnecessary drug therapy as well as the negative health and emotional consequences to children with untreated medical conditions," the researchers said.

Critics of excessive use of such drugs, including some doctors, have worried that the drugs sometimes are promoted by schools and others as a "quick fix" without other appropriate treatment.

Advertising of the drugs, physician practice styles, parents' and teachers' values and anti-Ritalin campaigns may have contributed to the varying drug use rates, the researchers said.

Methylphenidate, 대전출장샵 - https://www.opanma.com/11-daejeon the drug more widely known by the brand name Ritalin, was the most common stimulant prescribed. Others were dexedrine and other amphetamines.

Stimulant use was found to be more prevalent among white children and those from higher-income families. Cox said the higher rates likely are representative of the nation's commercially insured population. The study did not look at Medicaid claims.

The American Academy of Pediatrics' guidelines for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cite data suggesting the disorder affects 4 percent to 12 percent of school-age children, or as many as 3.8 million youngsters, most of them boys.

AAP guidelines, issued in 2001, recommend stimulants and behavioral therapy for treating ADHD and say that stimulants are generally safe and that side effects, such as decreased appetite and jitteriness, are usually short-lived.

"Research has clearly documented that this is a condition that exists across countries and across socio-economic groups," said Dr. David Fassler, a member of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry's governing council.

"In areas where only 1 to 2 percent of children are receiving a treatment which is known to be beneficial, we need to ask why," he said.

By Lindsey Tanner